也谈汉语同宾结构的句法地位及相关问题

• 作 者: 田启林 单伟龙
• 机 构: 浙江工业大学外国语学院,商丘学院外国语学院,
• 出 处: 解放军外国语学院学报
• 发表日期: 2015年06期
• 关键词: 功能语类 同宾结构 连动结构 并列连词 并列结构 类结构 非对称 句法 有益影响 主语

作为汉语中的常见句式,同宾结构一直是学者争论的热点。刘辉(2009)尝试把各种同宾结构都归入目的结构的范畴。本文认为,同宾结构更接近于连动结构,其本质是非对称的并列结构。在此类结构中,V_1要跟功能语类AffBEN合并,该功能语类引入受有益影响者;V_2的主语要跟受有益影响论元同指,以使V_1和V_2都满足受有益影响这一共同的语义限制。换言之,此类结构没有并列连词,V_1和V_2能连接在一起靠的就是共同的语义制约。

As a common sentence in Chinese, the same guest structure has been a hot debate among scholars. Liu Hui (2009) attempts to categorize various peer structures into the category of the target structure. This paper argues that the same guest structure is closer to the interlocking structure, which is essentially an asymmetrical parallel structure. In such a structure, V_1 is to be merged with AffBEN, a functional category that is introduced to beneficiaries; the subject of V_2 is to be co-directed with beneficiary influenceors so that V_1 and V_2 both satisfy the beneficial effects Common semantic restrictions. In other words, such structures do not have conjunctions, and the common semantic constraints that V_1 and V_2 can be linked together.