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目的了解贵州省安顺市西秀区主要慢性病患病率及影响因素,为开展慢性病防治工作提供依据。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样的方法,随机抽取6个乡(镇、办)24个行政村1 208个居民户1 208人,采用统一的调查表进行问卷调查,开展包括身高、体重、腰围和血压的身体测量,进行空腹血糖、血脂检测,应用西秀区2014年统计局人口数据进行标化率,采用χ~2检验进行率的比较。结果西秀区18岁以上居民吸烟率、过量饮酒率、高脂饮食率、高盐饮食率、运动不足率分别是31.37%、11.09%、83.77%、67.96%、7.62%;超重率、肥胖率及向心性肥胖率分别是26.66%、7.86%、28.31%,标化率分别是25.92%、7.20%、23.53%;高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常的患病率分别是27.15%、4.72%、23.68%,标化率分别是21.25%、3.59%、20.86%。调查发现不吸烟者向心性肥胖率显著高于吸烟者(P<0.001);过量饮酒者高血压患病率显著高于不过量饮酒者(P<0.01);正常饮食者血脂异常患病率显著高于高脂饮食者(P<0.05);运动不足者肥胖率、高血压患病率显著高于达到运动量者(P<0.05)。结论西秀区主要慢性病患病率已处于较高水平,应加强全人群及重点人群的慢性病防治工作。
Objective To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of major chronic diseases in Xixiu District of Anshun City, Guizhou Province, and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of chronic diseases. Methods A multistage cluster random sampling method was used to randomly select 1 208 inhabitants from 6 208 villages in 6 administrative villages (towns and cities). A total of 1 208 inhabitants were surveyed by questionnaire survey. The survey included height, weight, waist circumference And blood pressure were measured, and fasting blood glucose and blood lipids were measured. The standardization rate of population data of the Bureau of Statistics of Xixiu District in 2014 was used, and the rate of χ ~ 2 test was compared. Results The smoking prevalence, excess drinking rate, high fat diet rate, high salt diet rate, and undernourishment rate were 31.37%, 11.09%, 83.77%, 67.96% and 7.62% in residents over 18 years old in Xixiu district. The rates of overweight, obesity And heart-to-heart obesity rates were 26.66%, 7.86% and 28.31%, respectively. The standardized rates were 25.92%, 7.20% and 23.53% respectively. The prevalences of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia were 27.15%, 4.72% and 23.68% %, The standardization rate is 21.25%, 3.59%, 20.86% respectively. The survey found that non-smokers, centripetal obesity rate was significantly higher than smokers (P <0.001); over-drunk patients with hypertension was significantly higher than those without excessive drinking (P <0.01); normal diet, the prevalence of dyslipidemia significantly (P <0.05). The prevalence of obesity and hypertension in under-exercisers were significantly higher than those in those with high-fat diet (P <0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of major chronic diseases in Xiu Xiu District is at a high level, and prevention and treatment of chronic diseases should be strengthened in both the whole population and key populations.