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遗嘱是公民生前按照法律规定的方式对自己的财产做出处分并在其死亡时发生效力的一种法律行为。无论古今中外,各国都不同程度上确立了遗嘱自由,并使遗嘱继承成为现代社会普遍接受的继承方式。遗嘱自由是继承法中的重要原则,是保护财产权的重要手段。对遗嘱自由的保护符合法律行为制度理论及意思自治原则,是《宪法》规定的基本人权的应有之一。基于私法的伦理性因素和私有财产的功能,需要对遗嘱自由进行必要的限制。
A will is a legal act that citizens take before disposing of their property in the manner prescribed by law and becoming effective at the time of their death. No matter ancient and modern, China and other countries, to varying degrees, the freedom of wills was established and the will inheritance became the accepted method of succession in modern society. Wills freedom is an important principle in the succession law and an important means of protecting property rights. The protection of will freedom conforms to the legal behavior system theory and the principle of autonomy of autonomy, which is one of the basic human rights stipulated in the Constitution. Based on the ethical factors of private law and the functions of private property, the necessary restrictions on the freedom of will are required.