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目的观察不同时间使用地塞米松对新生大鼠高氧肺损伤及生长发育的影响,以期为在支气管肺发育不良(bronchopulmonary dysplasia,BPD)的防治过程中能否使用地塞米松提供理论依据。方法将新生Wistar大鼠随机分为空气组、高氧组、早期地塞米松组、晚期地塞米松组。观察记录各组大鼠一般状况、体重及死亡情况。观察各组大鼠肺组织发育、肺水肿及肺泡化阻滞程度。结果新生大鼠生后肺仍处于持续发育阶段,暴露于95%氧可出现高氧肺损伤及肺发育阻滞;早期地塞米松组大鼠的一般状况最差,其肺水肿、肺泡发育阻滞程度最严重。晚期地塞米松组大鼠一般状况好转,体重增长率较高氧组及对照组快,但与高氧组比较,肺系数、RAC值及肺间隔厚度差异无统计学意义。结论早期使用地塞米松没有预防BPD的作用,且会加重高氧肺损伤。建议不要将地塞米松作为BPD的预防性用药,在使用地塞米松治疗BPD的过程中,应在晚期使用,并尽可能使用小剂量、短疗程。
Objective To observe the effect of dexamethasone on hyperoxia - induced lung injury and growth in newborn rats at different times, in order to provide a theoretical basis for whether dexamethasone can be used in the prevention and treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Methods Newborn Wistar rats were randomly divided into air group, hyperoxia group, early dexamethasone group and late dexamethasone group. Observe and record the general condition, body weight and death of rats in each group. Observe the lung tissue development, pulmonary edema and alveolar block in each group. Results After birth, the newborn rats were still in a stage of sustained development. Exposure to 95% oxygen showed hyperoxia-induced lung injury and lung development retardation. The rats in the early dexamethasone group had the poorest general condition, and their pulmonary edema and alveolar development resistance The most serious degree of lag. The rats in advanced dexamethasone group improved in general condition, the weight gain rate was higher than that in high oxygen group and control group, but there was no significant difference in pulmonary coefficient, RAC value and pulmonary interstitial thickness between hyperoxia group and hyperoxia group. Conclusion Early use of dexamethasone did not prevent the effects of BPD and aggravated hyperoxia-induced lung injury. It is not recommended to use dexamethasone as a prophylactic prophylaxis for BPD. Dexamethasone should be used late in the treatment of BPD and should be used in small doses as short as possible.