一位微处理机简介

• 作 者: 董瑞翔 邹立功
• 出 处: 冶金自动化
• 发表日期: 1980年01期
• 关键词: 微处理机 基本指令 自动控制系统 定位控制 逻辑判断 单片式 并行数据 双向数据 指令 操作数

继4位和8位微处理机之后,出现了1位微处理机。这是因为自动控制系统中大量存在的逻辑判断及定位控制任务,若以通用多位微处理机去完成,则显得过于“磨蹭”,有使任务复杂化的倾向,并且需要受过专门训练的人去维护和发展系统。而实质上多位机完成的是1位任务,因此,能以最有效和最经济的方式完成上述任务的1位机便应运而生了。当然,对于复杂的计算或并行数据处理,单用1位机是不够的,而用它与多位机相配合的系统方可胜任。 1位机的典型产品是1977年底出现的美国的MC14500B ICU(工业控制单元),它是单片式1位静态CMOS微处理机,其特点是有16条基本指令,指令使1位双向数据线上的数据与ICU内部1位结果寄存器中的数据进行逻辑运算,所有的运算都是按位完成的。其运算速

Following the 4-bit and 8-bit microprocessors, a microprocessor appeared. This is because the large number of logic decisions and positioning control tasks that exist in automatic control systems, if done by a general purpose multi-bit microprocessor, appear to be “overwhelming” with a tendency to complicate the task and require specially trained people To maintain and develop the system. In essence, a multi-seat machine is completed a task, therefore, to be able to accomplish the above tasks in the most efficient and most economical way of a machine will come into being. Of course, a single-bit machine is not enough for complex calculations or parallel data processing, but it works well with multi-bit machines. A typical example of a 1-bit machine is the U.S. MC14500B ICU (Industrial Control Unit), which appeared at the end of 1977. It is a monolithic 1-bit static CMOS microprocessor featuring 16 basic instructions that enable 1-bit bidirectional data lines The data in the ICU 1-bit result register with a logical operation, all operations are done by bit. Its operation speed