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天然免疫在抗感染和诱导获得性免疫反应中起重要作用。这一作用主要包括三方面:一是在感染的早期阶段启动宿主的免疫防御功能,如激活补体旁路、活化NK细胞等;二是在天然免疫细胞的表面诱导共刺激分子的表达,以利于未致敏(naive)T细胞的活化;三是由单核-巨噬细胞分泌细胞因子,不仅发挥效应作用,并为T亚群的分化提供指令性的信息。其中涉及许多基因(如细胞因子基因等)的转录激活。天然免疫细胞如单核-巨噬细胞,采用种系编码的受体(germ-line encoded receptor)识别感染微生物的保守分子成分;而获得性免疫则是以基因重排产生、克隆化分布于T,B淋巴细胞表面的特异
Natural immunity plays an important role in fighting infection and inducing adaptive immune responses. This role mainly includes three aspects: First, the host in the early stages of infection to start the immune defensive function, such as activation of complement bypass, activation of NK cells, etc .; Second, the surface of natural immune cells induced co-stimulatory molecules in the expression in order to facilitate Naive T cells are activated; third, cytokines are secreted by monocytes - macrophages, which not only exert their effect, but also provide necessary information for the differentiation of T subpopulations. Involving many genes (such as cytokine genes, etc.) transcriptional activation. Natural immune cells such as monocytes-macrophages use germ-line encoded receptors to recognize the conserved molecular components of infected microorganisms. Acquired immunity is generated by gene rearrangement and cloned in T , B lymphocyte surface specificity