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新中国成立之初，党领导全国人民进行了艰苦的维护国家主权的斗争，其主要内容有：争取中国在联合国中的合法席位；废除帝国主义在华特权；管制美日在羊财产；果断处决美国间谍；妥善处理接受美国津贴的文化教育救济机关及宗教团体等。给我们的历史启示是：主权问题是原则问题；不能见利而忽视主权；在国际斗争中，灵活性的基础是主权的原则性；为了维护主权，重大问题一定要针锋相对；决不以主权换取暂时利益。
At the beginning of the founding of New China, the party led the people throughout the country in its arduous struggle to safeguard state sovereignty. The main contents of the founding of New China were: to win China’s legitimate seat in the United Nations; to abolish imperialism’s prerogatives in China; to regulate the U.S. and Japan’s property in sheep; to decisively execute U.S. spies; proper handling of cultural and educational relief agencies and religious groups receiving U.S. subsidies. The historical enlightenment to us is that the issue of sovereignty is a matter of principle, that the principle of sovereignty can not be seen, that the sovereignty is neglected, that the foundation of flexibility in international struggle is the principle of sovereignty, that the major issues must be tit for tat to safeguard the sovereignty, that the issue of sovereignty must never be exchanged Temporary benefits.