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针对隧道内的特殊环境,通过探讨隧道内扬声器发生原理和隧道内扬声器声场空间分布特性,进行了基于最优语言可懂度的隧道扬声器声学研究,并在COMSOL Multiphysics仿真平台下,对隧道内封闭空间下声音的传播进行建模与仿真分析。对传统方案中布置在隧道壁上的扬声器与新方案中挂在隧道内车道正上方多功能车道控制器上的扬声器的发声效果进行了深入的对比研究。研究表明:采用多功能车道控制器扬声器布设方案具有声场空间均匀性好、混响时间短的优点,尤其是在人耳听觉舒适程度和语言可懂度两方面,多功能车道控制器扬声器方案较原有的隧道壁扬声器方案有着非常优秀的表现。根据该方案的STI指标的仿真结果,针对新方案提出了更加良好的隧道扬声器布设的改进建议。
Aiming at the special environment in the tunnel, the tunnel loudspeaker acoustics study based on the optimal language intelligibility was conducted by investigating the principle of the loudspeaker in the tunnel and the spatial distribution of the sound field in the tunnel. COMSOL Multiphysics simulation platform was used to simulate the tunnel closed Space under the sound propagation modeling and simulation analysis. In the traditional scheme, the loudspeaker arranged on the tunnel wall is compared with the sound effect of the loudspeaker on the multi-function lane controller which is suspended above the lane inside the tunnel in the new scheme. The research shows that the multi-function lane controller speaker layout has the advantages of good spatial uniformity of sound field and short reverberation time, especially in the aspect of human ear hearing comfort and language intelligibility. The original tunnel wall speaker program has a very good performance. According to the simulation result of the STI index of the scheme, a better proposal for improvement of tunnel loudspeaker layout is proposed for the new scheme.