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[目的]探讨大气可吸入颗粒物(PM_(10))对心血管疾病急救人次的短期影响及其季节性差异。[方法]收集2011—2014年宁波市急救中心的逐日心血管疾病急救数据,采用分布滞后非线性模型时间序列分析方法,在控制气象因素、长期趋势、星期几效应等混杂因素后,定量分析冷季(11月—次年4月)和暖季(5—10月)时PM_(10)日均浓度与心血管病日急救人次的关系,并比较了PM_(10)对不同人群组影响的差异。[结果]研究期间共收集到心血管疾病急救病例7 434例,其中冷季4 123例,暖季3 311例。暖季时,大气PM_(10)每升高10μg/m~3,心血管疾病急救人次增加2.00%(95%CI:0.59%~3.42%),且未见滞后效应存在;全年和冷季时未见PM_(10)对心血管疾病急救人次的影响有统计学意义。暖季时,PM_(10)每升高10μg/m~3可造成男性和≥65岁年龄组人群心血管疾病急救人次分别增加2.41%(95%CI:0.48%~4.37%)和1.86%(95%CI:0.07%~3.69%);未见PM_(10)对女性和<65岁年龄组人群的影响有统计学意义。[结论]暖季时大气PM_(10)浓度升高可造成心血管疾病急救人次增加,男性和老年人是敏感人群。
[Objective] To investigate the short-term effects and seasonal differences of atmospheric respirable particulate matter (PM_ (10)) on cardiovascular emergency rescues. [Methods] The daily emergency data of cardiovascular emergency in Ningbo Emergency Center from 2011 to 2014 were collected. After analyzing the confouncing factors such as meteorological factors, long-term trends and the day-of-the-week effects, the time- The relationship between the PM_ (10) daily mean concentration and the emergency rescuing times of cardiovascular disease during the season (November-April) and warm season (May-October) were compared. The effect of PM_ (10) on different groups The difference. [Results] A total of 7 434 emergency cases of cardiovascular diseases were collected during the study period, including 4 123 cases in cold season and 3111 cases in warm season. During the warm season, the number of ambulance emergency visits increased by 2.00% (95% CI: 0.59% -3.42%) for every 10 μg / m 3 increase in PM 10, with no lag effect; When no PM_ (10) had a significant impact on the number of first aid visits for cardiovascular disease. In warm season, every 10 μg / m ~ 3 increase in PM_ (10) caused a 2.41% (95% CI: 0.48% ~ 4.37%) and 1.86% 95% CI: 0.07% -3.69%). No effect of PM_ (10) on female and 65-year-old population was statistically significant. [Conclusion] The increase of atmospheric PM_ (10) concentration in warm season can increase the number of emergency rescue of cardiovascular diseases, and the male and the elderly are sensitive populations.