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目的研究三聚氰胺对果蝇繁育性能的影响。方法在基础培养基中添加0(对照)、40、200、1000mg/L的三聚氰胺饲养野生型和黑檀体型黑腹果蝇(Drosophila melanogaster),每个浓度设4个重复,每瓶5对果蝇,培养期间不更换培养基。观察三聚氰胺对成蝇出现的时间(发育期)、成蝇羽化数量(发生量)、活体重和雌:雄比值的影响。结果 40mg/L三聚氰胺除可使野生型F2发生量增加(P<0.01),黑檀体F2雌、雄蝇活体重降低(P<0.01)外,果蝇发育期、发生量、活体重、雌:雄比值与对照组相比,差异基本无统计学意义。当三聚氰胺染毒剂量为200mg/L时,黑檀体型果蝇F1发育期延长(P<0.01),野生型F2发生量增多(P<0.01),野生型F2雌蝇、黑檀体型F2雌雄蝇活体重降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),野生型和黑檀体型F1雌:雄比值升高(P<0.01)。染毒1000mg/L的三聚氰胺可使野生型子代发育期延长(P<0.01),发生量减少(P<0.01),雄蝇活体重降低(P<0.01),F2雌:雄比值升高(P<0.01);黑檀体型则在幼虫期死亡,无成虫出现。结论在本研究的剂量条件下,高浓度三聚氰胺对果蝇有明显的发育毒性,黑檀体果蝇表现更为敏感。
Objective To study the effects of melamine on the breeding performance of fruit flies. Methods Drosophila melanogaster and wild type Drosophila melanogaster were fed with 0 (control), 40, 200 and 1000 mg / L melamine in the basal medium, with 4 replicates per concentration and 5 fruit per bottle Flies do not change medium during culture. The effects of melamine on the emergence time (developmental period) of adult flies, the number of emergence of adult flies (occurrences), live weight, and female / male ratio were observed. Results Melamine except 40mg / L could increase the amount of wild-type F2 (P <0.01), while the female and female of F2 were decreased (P <0.01) : Male ratio and the control group, the difference was not statistically significant. When the melamine dose was 200mg / L, the developmental period of F1 in Ebony-type Drosophila was prolonged (P <0.01), and that of wild type F2 was increased (P <0.01) Living weight was decreased (P <0.05 or P <0.01). The ratio of male to female in both wild type and ebony body increased (P <0.01). Exposure to 1000mg / L of melamine prolonged the developmental duration of the wild-type progeny (P <0.01), decreased the production (P <0.01) and decreased the live weight of male flies (P <0.01) P <0.01); ebony body type died in larval stage, no adult appeared. Conclusion Under the conditions of this study, high concentrations of melamine have obvious developmental toxicity on Drosophila melanogaster, and Eumetida drosophila appears more sensitive.