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目的分析甘肃地区新生儿先天性心脏病(CHD)的发病特征,并结合相关临床资料对其加以分析。方法选择本院新生儿病区2013年6月-2015年6月收治的可疑先天性心脏病患儿行心脏彩超检查,对其结果从CHD的类型构成比、早产儿及足月儿的发病特点、复杂CHD发病的特征等方面进行分析、比较,并对其原因进行汇总分析。结果本研究期间共收治192例先天性心脏病患儿,普通型170例,以房间隔缺损为主(52例,30.6%),复杂先心29例,以肺动脉闭锁为主(6例20.7%),同时发现,复杂CHD发病存在两个特征性高峰年龄段及临床表现,第一高峰为生后前五天,约51.7%患儿在此期间发病,主要临床征象为青紫,发绀,且高氧试验阴性;另一高峰为生后20~32d左右,约37.9%患儿在此期间发病,主要临床表现为重症肺炎,病死率极高,值得注意。结论 CHD发病率较高,且复杂CHD预后差,早期诊断及手术治疗是提高生存率的主要因素。
Objective To analyze the incidence of neonatal congenital heart disease (CHD) in Gansu Province and analyze the related clinical data. Methods Children with suspicious congenital heart disease admitted to our hospital from June 2013 to June 2015 underwent echocardiography. The results were compared with the type of CHD, the incidence of premature infants and term infants , The characteristics of complex CHD incidence and other aspects of analysis, comparison, and the reasons for the summary analysis. Results A total of 192 cases of congenital heart disease were treated in this study, 170 cases were common type. Atrial septal defect was the most common type (52 cases, 30.6%), complicated heart rate was 29 cases, mainly pulmonary atresia (6 cases, 20.7% ). In the meantime, there were two characteristic peak age groups and clinical manifestations of complex CHD. The first peak was the first five days after birth. About 51.7% of children developed disease during this period. The main clinical signs were cyanosis, cyanosis, and high Oxygen test negative; the other peak is about 20 ~ 32d after birth, about 37.9% of children in the period of onset, the main clinical manifestations of severe pneumonia, high mortality, it is worth noting. Conclusions The incidence of CHD is high, and the prognosis of complicated CHD is poor. Early diagnosis and surgical treatment are the main factors to improve the survival rate.