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靠纵向权力监督与制约不会达到最佳效果,最高权力与基层权力在数量上的差距导致这种监督与制约具有局限性。在某种意义上,这是一种自我监督。在封建社会,天下是帝王的天下,从这个意义上来说,他应该具有监督与制约下级权力的极强愿望。但是这种纵向权力监督与制约具有两个致命的弱点:一是权利主体不会对自我进行有效的监督与制约,最多是自我反省,但不会主动让贤;二是自上而下地对基层权力进行监督与制约不是一对一的,而是一对多的,因而实现有效的监督与制约是不可能的,也是不现实的,这种自下而上的监督
Monitoring and restricting by the vertical power will not achieve the best effect. The gap in the quantity between the highest power and the grassroots power results in the limitation of such supervision and restriction. In a sense, this is a self-monitoring. In the feudal society, the world is the king of the world. In this sense, he should have the strong desire to supervise and control subordinate powers. However, this vertical power supervision and control has two fatal weaknesses: First, the right of the main body will not be effective supervision and restraint, up to self-reflection, but will not take the initiative to make good, and second, from top to bottom of grassroots power Supervision and control are not one-on-one, but one-to-many, so it is impossible and unrealistic to realize effective supervision and restriction. Such bottom-up supervision