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目的了解2013~2015年宁波市麻疹流行病学和基因型特征。方法统计分析2013~2015年宁波市麻疹监测数据,收集各县(市、区)病例咽试子标本进行麻疹病毒分离,经逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)对核蛋白N基因羧基末端进行扩增和测序,测序结果与Gene Bank中各基因型参考株比对分析。结果 2013~2015年宁波市共报告麻疹509例,发病年龄以<8月龄和>20岁为主。共分离到麻疹野病毒60株,其中49株为H1a基因型,它们之间的N基因羧基末端的核苷酸和氨基酸同源性分别为93.63%~100%和94.44%~100%,与疫苗株S191的核苷酸和氨基酸同源性分别为88.66%~92.71%和85.48%~89.31%;其余11株为B3基因型,它们之间的N基因羧基末端的核苷酸和氨基酸同源性分别为98.2%~100%和96.6%~100%;与疫苗株S191的核苷酸和氨基酸同源性分别为91.1%~93.2%和86.4%~88.9%;与中国湖南分离株同源性分别97.29%~99.11%和97.29%~99.33%;与中国香港分离株同源性分别为99.78%~97.97%和98%~100%。结论 2013~2015年宁波市麻疹疫情比较稳定,H1a为优势基因型,输入性B3基因型可小范围流行,疫苗株S191对B3基因型有一定保护作用。
Objective To understand the epidemiological and genotypic characteristics of measles in Ningbo from 2013 to 2015. Methods Statistical analysis of measles surveillance data from 2013 to 2015 in Ningbo City was carried out to collect measles virus isolated from the pharyngeal samples of all counties (cities and districts). Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) The end of amplification and sequencing, sequencing results and GenBank comparison of genotypes of reference strains. Results A total of 509 cases of measles were reported in Ningbo from 2013 to 2015. The age of onset was <8 months old and> 20 years old. A total of 60 wild measles virus strains were isolated, of which 49 were H1a genotypes. The nucleotide and amino acid homology of their N-terminal carboxyl-terminal amino acids were 93.63% -100% and 94.44% -100%, respectively. The nucleotide and amino acid homologies of strain S191 were 88.66% -92.71% and 85.48% -89.31%, respectively. The remaining 11 strains were B3 genotypes. The nucleotide and amino acid homology Respectively, from 98.2% to 100% and from 96.6% to 100%, respectively. The nucleotide and amino acid homologies with the vaccine strain S191 were 91.1% -93.2% and 86.4% -88.9%, respectively. 97.29% -99.11% and 97.29% -99.33%, respectively. The homologies with isolates from Hong Kong, China were 99.78% -97.97% and 98% -100%, respectively. Conclusion The epidemic situation of measles in Ningbo City from 2013 to 2015 was relatively stable. H1a was the predominant genotype, and the imported B3 genotype was endemic. The vaccine strain S191 had a protective effect on B3 genotype.