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鄂尔多斯盆地黄土大面积分布,其矿物成分主要有石英（40％～50％）、长石 （10％～15％）、碳酸盐矿物（10％±）及大量的粘土矿物（40％±）。黄土以吸附、吸留的形式保存油气运移的信息,使地表油气化探发挥效果成为了可能.黄土中轻烃赋存状态主要从壤气烃、吸附烃、吸留烃、同生烃等几个方面进行存在形式研究,研究的目的在于弄清各种形式烃的组成、含量、成因、油气指示意义以及分析方法。 壤气烃的分析反映上升烃类气体含有烷烃类,同时又含有大量的烯烃类。 吸附烃的分析表明被吸附的烃类气体的成分与壤气烃相同,其解吸量与解吸的温度、时间、土壤粒度有关。对油气具有指示标志的不仅是烷烃,烯烃也同样如此。反映油气信息最显著者为40目样品、200℃加热20min所得的分析结果。 吸留烃分析说明,吸留烃经过长期累积,能够反映下伏油气藏位置,同时也证实了油气
The loess in the Ordos Basin is widely distributed. Its mineral composition mainly includes quartz (40% -50%), feldspar (10% -15%), carbonate minerals (10% ±) and a large amount of clay minerals (40% ±) . It is possible for loess to hold the information of hydrocarbon migration and accumulation in the form of adsorption and occlusion so as to enable the surface oil and gas geochemical exploration to play its role.The occurrence of light hydrocarbons in loess mainly occurs from soil gas hydrocarbons, adsorbed hydrocarbons, occluded hydrocarbons, Several aspects of the existence of the form of research, the purpose of the study is to find out the composition of various forms of hydrocarbons, content, causes, indicating the meaning of oil and gas and analytical methods. The analysis of the soil gas hydrocarbons reflects that the rising hydrocarbon gas contains alkanes and at the same time contains a large amount of olefins. The analysis of adsorbed hydrocarbons shows that the composition of the adsorbed hydrocarbon gas is the same as that of the soil gas and the desorption amount is related to the temperature and time of desorption and the particle size of the soil. Not only are alkanes, but also olefins, an indicator of oil and gas. The most significant oil and gas information reflects the 40-mesh sample, 200 ℃ heating 20min obtained analysis results. The analysis of occluded hydrocarbons shows that the long-term accumulation of occluded hydrocarbons can reflect the location of the underlying oil and gas reservoirs and also confirm that oil and gas