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目的:了解早期妊娠行人工流产妇女的人群特征,探讨导致妇女人工流产的相关因素,为减少非意愿妊娠提供干预依据。方法:采用整群抽样方法,对丰台区四家二级医院计划生育门诊同期行人工流产的妇女进行问卷调查。结果:共回收调查问卷4381份。调查对象中,平均年龄26岁(16-54岁),本市户籍占26.8%,外地户籍73.2%;已婚65.33%,未婚34.67%;文化程度初、高中占62.5%;职业列前三位的分别是服务员23.5%、公司职员18.2%、个体工商户10.5%;重复流产为37.3%。非意愿妊娠占83.24%,非意愿妊娠的原因,39.53%是未避孕,43.71%为避孕失败,而避孕失败的原因中又以避孕套避孕失败居首;意愿妊娠占16.76%,最终选择终止妊娠的原因分别为个人工作因素、情感因素及优生考虑。结论:为降低妇女非意愿妊娠及重复流产率,对育龄妇女,尤其是流动、未婚人群,需广泛开展性健康教育及避孕方式知情选择,加强避孕知识以及人工流产危害的宣教,指导避孕方法的正确使用,同时,各级医院亟待开展流产后服务。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the characteristics of women with abortion in early pregnancy and to explore the related factors leading to induced abortion in women, and to provide basis for intervention to reduce unwanted pregnancy. Methods: A cluster sampling method was used to survey women in the same period of family planning outpatient abortion at four second-class hospitals in Fengtai District. Results: A total of 4,381 questionnaires were collected. Among the respondents, the average age is 26 (16-54), 26.8% are registered in the municipality, 73.2% are registered in the field, 65.33% are married and 34.67% are unmarried, 62.5% Respectively, 23.5% of waiters, 18.2% of staff and workers, 10.5% of individual industrial and commercial households and 37.3% of repeat abortion. Unwanted pregnancy accounted for 83.24%, unwilling pregnancy reasons, 39.53% were not contraceptives, 43.71% for contraceptive failure, and contraceptive failure reasons contraceptive failure again concussion; willingness to pregnancy accounted for 16.76%, the final choice of termination of pregnancy The reasons are personal work factors, emotional factors and eugenics. Conclusion: In order to reduce the rate of unwanted pregnancies and repeated abortions among women of childbearing age, especially for migrant women and unmarried people, we need to make extensive sexual health education and informed choice of contraceptive methods, to strengthen the awareness of contraception and the risk of induced abortion, and to guide the methods of contraception Correct use, at the same time, hospitals at all levels urgently need to carry out abortion services.