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目的探讨早产儿出院后不同喂养方式对其早期体格发育的影响,为早产儿出院后喂养方式的选择提供参考依据。方法选取2012年3月-2013年10月在该院出生并在儿童保健科随访的150例早产儿为研究对象,按照出院后一日主要喂养乳品量(>75%)分为母乳组(BM组,50例)、普通婴儿配方奶组(TF组,50例)、早产儿出院后配方奶组(PDF组,50例)。观察各组在矫正胎龄40周时的体重、身长、头围等生长指标值。根据Fenton新生儿体格值曲线评价早产儿生长情况,并按出生体重分为极低出生体重(VLBW)早产儿和低出生体重(LBW)早产儿,分析生长的情况。结果协方差分析结果显示,在通过出生体重、身长、头围矫正胎龄40周评估时,PDF组体重、身长、头围均大于BM组和TF组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05),而BM组与TF组体重、身长、头围比较,差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。80.07%(121/150)的早产儿体重在第10百分位(P10)以上,VLBW早产儿中BM组体重1 500 g的早产儿首选母乳喂养。
Objective To investigate the effects of different feeding modes on the early physical development of premature infants after discharge and provide references for the choice of feeding mode after discharge from premature infants. Methods A total of 150 preterm infants born in this hospital from March 2012 to October 2013 in the Department of Child Health were enrolled in this study. Breast milk (BM> Group, 50 cases), common infant formula group (TF group, 50 cases), preterm discharge formula group (PDF group, 50 cases). The growth indexes of body weight, body length and head circumference were observed at the 40th gestational age. The growth of preterm infants was evaluated according to the neonatal physique curve of Fenton, and divided into preterm infants with very low birth weight (VLBW) and premature infants with low birth weight (LBW) by birth weight to analyze the growth. Results The results of covariance analysis showed that body weight, body length and head circumference in PDF group were significantly higher than those in BM and TF groups (P <0.05, respectively) when assessed by birth weight, body length and head circumference correction for 40 weeks ), While there was no significant difference in body weight, length and head circumference between BM group and TF group (all P> 0.05). Preterm infants weighing 80.07% (121/150) had a body weight above the tenth percentile (P10), BMD 1 500 g are preferred breastfeeding.