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为探明转基因棉花产量形成关键期的生理机制,2014―2015年以转RRM2基因棉花及其亲本中棉所12(CK1)、转ACO2-E6基因棉花及其亲本中棉所24(CK2)为材料,研究冠层特征、光合特性等与转基因棉花产量形成的关系,分析比较转基因棉花与亲本的生长发育、产量及其构成的差异。结果表明:转RRM2基因棉花的铃重、籽棉产量、皮棉产量、纤维上半部平均长度和断裂比强度均高于或显著高于中棉所12。转ACO2-E6基因棉花的衣分、籽棉产量、皮棉产量、纤维上半部平均长度和断裂比强度均高于或显著高于中棉所24。转基因棉花的籽棉产量与盛铃期的叶面积指数、光系统Ⅱ光化学量子产量、光系统Ⅱ最大光化学效率和可溶性总糖含量等分别呈显著的线性相关。转基因棉花的叶面积指数和可溶性总糖含量于产量形成关键期均高于或显著高于各自对照,且表现出较优的冠层结构以及较合理的源库比。
In order to find out the physiological mechanism during the critical period of genetically modified cotton yield, transgenic cottons (CK1), ACO2-E6 transgenic cotton and their parents, CK2 (CK2) Materials, the relationship between canopy characteristics and photosynthetic characteristics and the yield formation of transgenic cotton were analyzed. The differences of growth, yield and composition between transgenic cotton and their parents were analyzed. The results showed that the boll weight, seed cotton yield, lint yield, the average length of the upper half of the fiber and the breaking strength of RRM2 transgenic cotton were both higher than or significantly higher than that of CIMC12. The cottonseed, cotton seed yield, lint yield, average fiber length and breaking strength of ACO2-E6 transgenic cotton were both higher than or significantly higher than that of CIMC24. The seed cotton yield of transgenic cotton was significantly and linearly correlated with leaf area index, photochemical quantum yield of photosystem Ⅱ, maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem Ⅱ and total soluble sugar content, respectively. The leaf area index and total soluble sugar content in transgenic cotton were higher or significantly higher than their respective controls at the critical stage of yield formation, and showed better canopy structure and more reasonable source-to-storey ratio.