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雌性不育突变体FS-M1是从甘蓝型油菜(Brassica napus)品种宁油10号中发现的。为了从细胞学角度研究FS-M1的雌性不育机理,利用荧光显微镜、扫描和透射电子显微镜观察分析了FS-M1柱头乳突细胞的授粉行为和超微结构。结果表明:花粉粒能在FS-M1乳突细胞上附着和萌发形成花粉管,但花粉管无法穿越柱头乳突细胞;开花后的FS-M1乳突细胞迅速衰退而呈干瘪萎蔫状,在衰退过程中,FS-M1柱头乳突细胞的细胞器数量减少,细胞液泡化明显,高尔基体、内质网和线粒体等一些细胞器结构被逐渐破坏。因此,推测FS-M1的雌性不育性是由于柱头乳突细胞发育异常造成的。
The female sterile mutant FS-M1 was found in Ningyou 10, a Brassica napus variety. In order to study the mechanism of female sterility of FS-M1 from the perspective of cytology, the pollination and ultrastructure of FS-M1 stigma mast cells were analyzed by fluorescence microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that pollen grains could attach and germinate on FS-M1 mast cells to form pollen tube, but pollen tube failed to cross stigma mast cells. The flowering FS-M1 mast cells declined rapidly and wilted, During the process, the number of organelles in FS-M1 stigma mast cells decreased and vacuolization was obvious. Some organelle structures such as Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria were gradually destroyed. Therefore, it is speculated that the female sterility of FS-M1 is caused by the abnormal development of stigma papilla cells.