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高科技产业对提高一国、一地区的竞争力具有举足轻重的作用,因此,世界各国、各地区争相采取各种措施刺激、支持本国、本地区高科技产业的发展,而财政科技投入又是其中最普遍采取的措施之一。 一、世界各国财政对高科技产业的支持 目前各国财政对高科技产业的支持除政府政策性投资计划、政府购买外,主要还有信贷担保、提供低息或无息贷款、提供风险补助金以及直接参与风险投资等形式。 提供信贷担保和低息贷款是各国普遍采用的方式。50年代起,美国政府有关机构就开始采取直接向小企业发放贷款的做法,仅1954-1980年间,就
High-tech industries play an important role in enhancing the competitiveness of a country and a region. Therefore, all countries and regions are vying to take various measures to stimulate and support the development of high-tech industries in their respective countries and regions. The investments in science and technology are, in turn, One of the most common measures taken. I. Financial Support for High-tech Industries by Various Countries in the World At present, in addition to the government's policy investment plans and government purchases, there are mainly credit guarantees, low-interest or interest-free loans, risk subsidies and Directly involved in venture capital and other forms. The provision of credit guarantees and low-interest loans is a common method used in all countries. Since the 1950s, the relevant U.S. government agencies have started to adopt the principle of directly issuing loans to small businesses. Only in 1954-1980