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目的了解列车运行前后列车厢内环境污染状况。方法对列车运行前、后车厢内各类空气污染因子进行调查分析。结果列车运行后,软卧车厢内PM10、硬卧车厢内细菌总数及硬座车、软卧车、餐车车厢内噪声超出国家标准,其他各类检测指标均符合国家标准。列车运行后车厢内照度、噪声平均值较运行前分别增加87～585Lx、8.6～15.7dB。列车运行后:各车厢内照度明显高于运行前,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);软卧、餐车车厢内PM10浓度明显高于运行前,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);硬座、硬卧车厢内CO2浓度高于运行前,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。结论列车运行后不同车厢内各项空气污染指标均呈上升趋势。应针对不同车厢内超标的污染因子,采取有效可行的污染控制措施,提高列车车厢内环境空气质量。
Objective To understand the environmental pollution in train compartments before and after train operation. Methods The air pollution factors in the train compartments before and after the train operation were investigated and analyzed. Results After the train was running, the total number of bacteria in the soft sleeper compartment and the number of bacteria in the hard-sleeper compartment and the noise in the hard-seat vehicle, soft-sleeper vehicle and dining car compartment exceeded the national standards. Other types of detection indexes all met the national standards. After the train operation, the interior illumination and noise average increased by 87 ~ 585Lx and 8.6 ~ 15.7dB respectively compared with before operation. After train operation, the illumination in each compartment was significantly higher than that before operation (P <0.05); the PM10 concentration in soft-shelter and dining compartment was significantly higher than that before operation (P <0.05) , And the CO2 concentration in the hard-sleeper compartment was higher than that before operation (P <0.05). Conclusion All air pollution indicators in different compartments after the train operation are on the rise. In view of the pollution factors exceeding the standard in different compartments, effective and feasible pollution control measures should be taken to improve the ambient air quality in the train compartments.