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对100例正常人(NP)、60例右室肥大(RVH)、30例单纯性右束支传导阻滞(RBBB)和35例RVH伴RBBB患者的U波进行分析。发现NP组U波特点:1.除aVR导联外U波均直立;2.U波振幅范围-0.02-0.12mV:3.U波时限0.17±0.02s(0.14-0.22s);4.U波外形起始部较快速、终末部较缓慢;5.Ta-Ua间期0.19±0.02s(0.16-0.24s)。而RVH、RVH+RBBB组Ⅰ、aVL、V_5导联U波振幅较NP组高,V_1、aVR导联较NP组低或倒置加深(P<0.05-0.01)。其中V_1导联U波倒置和V_5导联U波≥0.04mV与RVH有较好的相关性。但RBBB组除V_1导联U波振幅外各参数与NP组无明显差异(P>0.05)。提出U波与机械-电反馈作用相关。
U waves in 100 normal subjects (NP), 60 RVH, 30 RBBB, and 35 RVH with RBBB were analyzed. U wave characteristics of NP group were found: 1. U wave except aVR lead was upright; 2.U wave amplitude range -0.02-0.12mV: 3.U wave time limit 0.17 ± 0.02s (0.14-0.22s); 4.U The onset of wave shape is faster and the terminal portion is slower. 5.Ta-Ua interval 0.19 ± 0.02s (0.16-0.24s). The amplitude of U wave in lead Ⅰ, aVL and V_5 of RVH and RVBB group was higher than that of NP group, while the lead of V_1 and aVR group was lower or inverted deeper than that of NP group (P <0.05-0.01). Among them, V_1 lead U wave inversion and V_5 lead U wave ≥0.04mV have a good correlation with RVH. However, there was no significant difference between the RBBB group and the NP group except the V wave amplitude of V_1 lead (P> 0.05). It is proposed that U wave is related to the mechanical-electrical feedback.