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目的探讨儿童惊吓性癫的临床及脑电图特征。方法对2003年12月-2008年3月在北京大学第一医院儿科就诊的7例惊吓性癫患儿的病因、发作诱发因素、发作类型、脑电图特点、治疗及预后进行回顾性分析。结果 7例惊吓性癫患儿中男4例,女3例;起病年龄为5个月～7.5岁。有病因学异常6例,涉及4种不同的获得性病因;有影像学异常6例,以局部脑萎缩多见。7例均有惊吓性发作,同期有自发性发作,其中4例以自发性发作起病。发作的诱因5例为声音刺激,2例为碰触刺激。惊吓性发作的类型包括强直-不典型失神发作、肌阵挛发作、肌阵挛-强直发作、强直发作及局限性发作,与自发性发作类型可相同或不同。发作期脑电图常见弥散性电压衰减图形,并可见与发作类型相关的其他图形。病例对多种抗癫药的治疗均未见明显疗效。结论惊吓性癫常见为症状性的反射性癫,声音及碰触刺激为主要诱发因素,惊吓性发作包括全面性发作及局限性发作中的多种类型,发作期脑电图常见为弥散性电压衰减图形。本病对抗癫药治疗反应欠佳,总体预后差。
Objective To investigate the clinical and electroencephalographic features of childhood scary seizures. Methods Retrospective analysis was performed on the etiological factors, seizure-inducing factors, seizure types, EEG features, treatment and prognosis of 7 cases of scotomic epilepsy in pediatrics department of Peking University First Hospital from December 2003 to March 2008. . Results 7 cases of scotopic epilepsy in children, 4 males and 3 females; onset age of 5 months to 7.5 years. Etiology of abnormalities in 6 cases, involving four different acquired etiology; imaging abnormalities in 6 cases, more common to local brain atrophy. All 7 patients had seizure onset, with spontaneous seizures in the same period, of which 4 patients developed spontaneous seizures. The causes of attack 5 cases of sound stimulation, 2 cases of touch stimulation. The types of frighting seizures include ankylosing seizures, myoclonic seizures, myoclonus - tonic seizure, tonic seizures and localized seizures, which can be the same or different types of spontaneous seizures. Seizure EEG common diffuse voltage attenuation graph, and can see the seizure type associated with other graphics. Case of a variety of anti-epileptic drugs were no significant effect of treatment. Conclusions Scary epilepsy is a common symptom of reflex epilepsy. Sound and touch stimuli are the main inducing factors. Scaring seizures include multiple types of generalized seizures and localized seizures. Seizure EEG is commonly diffuse Sexual voltage decay graph. The disease response to epilepsy drug treatment poor, the overall poor prognosis.