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深基础的主要特点是需采用特殊的施工方法,解决基坑开挖、排水等问题,减小对邻近建筑物的影响。当建筑场地的浅层土质不能满足建筑物对地基承载力和变形的要求,而又不适宜采用地基处理措施时,就要考虑采用深基础方案。深基础有多种类型,结合各种文献,阐述桩基、沉井、墩基、地下连续墙和沉箱这5种主要深基础的优缺点,并根据优缺点阐述了其工程适用条件。
The main feature of the deep foundation is the need to adopt special construction methods to solve the excavation, drainage and other issues, reduce the impact on the adjacent buildings. When the construction site of shallow soil can not meet the requirements of the foundation on the bearing capacity and deformation, but not suitable for ground treatment measures, it is necessary to consider the use of deep foundation program. There are many types of deep foundations. Combining various literatures, the advantages and disadvantages of five main deep foundations, pile foundation, caisson, pier foundation, diaphragm wall and caisson, are expounded. The applicable conditions of the project are described based on the advantages and disadvantages.