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通过36例手术标本证明为早期肺癌的临床分析,发现早期中心型肺癌和早期周围型肺癌的发生部位、进展形态、临床症状完全不同,其发现和诊断方法也不相同。早期中心型肺癌多发生在40岁以上男性,多为重度吸烟者,病理类型多见鳞癌。干咳、痰中带血是最常见症状。X线平片可表现正常或单侧肺门影增浓,局限性肺气肿或阻塞性肺炎,痰细胞学和纤支镜检查是发现和诊断早期中心型肺癌的重要方法;早期周围型肺癌相对女性较多,腺癌多见,其次为鳞癌,早期多无症状,主要靠查体发现,当肺边缘出现小片影或结节,经抗炎(结核)治疗,体积进行性增大。密度不均变为均匀或由浅而深,明显出现分叶、毛刺和胸膜内陷都应考虑肺癌的发生,经支气管肺活检、刷检和经皮肺活检是确诊的重要方法。CT检查对发现和诊断无症状小肺癌起着重要作用。
Through the clinical analysis of 36 cases of early stage lung cancer, it was found that the location, progression pattern, and clinical symptoms of early-stage central lung cancer and early-peripheral lung cancer were completely different, and the methods for their detection and diagnosis were also different. Early-stage lung cancer mostly occurs in men over the age of 40, most of whom are severe smokers, and squamous cell carcinoma is more common in pathological types. Dry cough and bloody sputum are the most common symptoms. X-rays can show normal or unilateral hilar intensification, localized emphysema or obstructive pneumonia, sputum cytology, and bronchoscopy are important methods for detecting and diagnosing early-stage central lung cancer; early peripheral lung cancer Relatively more women, adenocarcinoma more common, followed by squamous cell carcinoma, early asymptomatic, mainly by physical examination found that when the edge of the lung small film or nodules, by anti-inflammatory (tuberculosis) treatment, volume increased. Density unevenness becomes uniform or shallow and deep, and the occurrence of lung cancer should be considered in the presence of leaf segments, burrs, and pleural invagination. Transbronchial lung biopsy, brush inspection, and percutaneous lung biopsy are important methods for diagnosis. CT examination plays an important role in finding and diagnosing asymptomatic small lung cancer.