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百草枯(paraquat,PQ),化学名称为1,1’-二甲基-4,4’-联吡啶阳离子盐,是一种有机杂环类脱叶剂。由于其成本低廉,除草高效,且具有遇土分解,对环境无害等特点,PQ被广泛应用于农业生产中。但PQ对人和动物具有强烈毒性,一旦误服可以引起肺、肝、肾等多器官功能损害甚至衰竭,预后极差。自1966年首例PQ中毒病例报道至今,虽然提出了众多医疗救治方案,但仍无特效解毒方法,病死率居高不下[1]。PQ中毒是目前我国致死率最高的农药中毒事件,带来了严重的社会问题。
Paraquat (PQ), a chemical name of 1,1’-dimethyl-4,4’-bipyridinium cation salt, is an organic heterocyclic de-leafing agent. PQ is widely used in agricultural production due to its low cost, high herbicidal efficiency, environmental degradation, and environmental friendliness. However, PQ is very toxic to humans and animals. Once taken by mistake, PQ can cause multiple organ dysfunction or even failure of lung, liver and kidney with poor prognosis. Since 1966 the first cases of PQ poisoning reported so far, although many medical treatment programs are proposed, but there is no effective detoxification method, high mortality [1]. PQ poisoning is currently the highest lethal rate of pesticide poisoning in China, bringing about serious social problems.