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短暂性脑缺血发作(transient ischemic attack,TIA)又称小中风,是由于局灶性脑或视网膜缺血,造成短暂的神经功能缺损,临床症状<1小时,无脑梗死的依据。临床表现为突发性、短暂性、可逆性神经功能障碍。有文献报道其发生脑梗死概率高达20%。TIA不但会发生脑梗死,而且出现心肌梗死和猝死的风险也很高。因此要把TIA作为一种医学急症来处理。
Transient ischemic attack (TIA), also known as small stroke, is due to focal brain or retinal ischemia, resulting in transient neurological deficits, clinical symptoms <1 hour, no evidence of cerebral infarction. Clinical manifestations of sudden, transient, reversible neurological dysfunction. It is reported in the literature that the probability of occurrence of cerebral infarction is as high as 20%. TIA will not only occur cerebral infarction, but also the risk of myocardial infarction and sudden death are also high. Therefore TIA should be treated as a medical emergency.