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目的分析宣城市及其所辖区县2010年-2013年手足口病流行病学特征,为其防治提供科学依据。方法将送检的手足口病病例标本提取病毒核酸,将提取物通过real-time PCR的方法检测肠道病毒及其分型。结果共收集轻症手足口病标本1 388例,实验室检测轻症标本总阳性数为678例,其中EV71构成比为36.14%(245/678),Cox A16为20.21%(137/678),其他肠道病毒为43.66%(296/678)。轻重症及聚集性疫情标本EV71构成比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论引起宣城市手足口病病毒以其他肠道病毒居多;手足口病的发病有明显的年龄、季节差异;其中重症及聚集性疫情患儿中的手足口EV71病毒的检出率高于轻症患儿。
Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Xuancheng and its counties from 2010 to 2013, and to provide a scientific basis for its prevention and treatment. Methods Samples of hand, foot and mouth disease were collected to extract viral nucleic acid, and the extracts were tested for enterovirus and its typing by real-time PCR. Results A total of 1 388 specimens of mild hand-foot-mouth disease were collected. The total number of mild positive specimens in laboratory was 678, including 36.14% (245/678) in EV71, 20.21% (137/678) in Cox A16, Other enterovirus was 43.66% (296/678). There were significant differences in the constituent ratio of EV71 between severe and severe cases (P <0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of hand-foot-and-mouth disease virus in Xuancheng is the largest among other enteroviruses. The incidence of hand-foot-and-mouth disease is obviously different in age and season. The detection rate of hand-foot-mouth EV71 virus in children with severe and accumulative outbreak is higher than that in mild Children.