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早稻育秧是水稻生产上第一个战斗,“第一个战斗的胜败给予极大的影响于全局,甚至一直影响到最后一个战斗。”历年来,早稻育秧中,常易发生烂秧(烂谷、烂芽与死苗),不仅造成稻种的损失,而且引起缺秧,打乱品种布局,贻误农时,影响熟熟增产。因此,要育足早稻壮秧,必须切实解决烂秧问题。 一、烂芽的原因与防治 1.烂芽的原因 烂种与烂芽是水育秧中的突出问题。一般以烂芽占绝大多数,而烂种实际上是留种不善和催芽不当遗留到秧田中的问题。烂芽的种类较多,其表现形式与发生的原因,随土壤、气候条件以及育秧方式的不同而不同。现将一些常见的烂芽种类列于表1。
Rice cultivation is the first battle of rice production, “the first battle of the victory or defeat to give a great impact on the overall situation, and even has been affecting the last battle.” Over the years, early rice seedling, often prone to rotten seedlings Valley, rotten buds and dead seedlings), not only caused the loss of rice species, but also caused by lack of seedlings, disrupted the layout of varieties, delaying farming, affecting the mature yield. Therefore, to raise foot enough strong rice seedlings, must solve the problem of rotten seedlings. First, the causes and prevention of rotting buds 1. Rotten bud reasons Rotten and rotten buds are outstanding problems in water-saving seedlings. Rotten buds generally account for the overwhelming majority, while rotten ones are actually problems of poor retention and improper germination left in the seedling. Rotten buds more types, their manifestations and causes of the occurrence, with the soil, climatic conditions and different ways of nursery. Now some common types of rotten buds listed in Table 1.