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王西里的《中国文学史纲要》的诞生,与近代实证史学对王西里的深刻影响密切相关。但考察王西里研究中国文字的思路和方法,剖析其评论中国文明的观点,他深受近代欧洲东方学的思想和研究方法的影响。《中国文学史纲要》的问世,还与沙皇俄国对中国的殖民政策,以及俄国人的东方观息息相关,其中俄国人的双重民族性格是此期俄国东方学研究兴盛的潜在动力。《中国文学史纲要》对中国宗教、中国文字、文学的研究和认识,在世界汉学史上占有重要地位,但其中透露出的王西里的中国观,值得我们重视和研究。
The birth of Wang Xili’s Outline of the History of Chinese Literature is closely related to the profound influence of modern empirical history on Wang Xili. However, the study of Wang Xili’s thinking and methods of studying Chinese characters and the analysis of his views on Chinese civilization are deeply influenced by the thoughts and research methods of modern European Orientalism. The advent of the “Outline of the History of Chinese Literature” is also related to the tsarist Russia’s colonial policy toward China and the interest of the Russians in the East. The dual national character of the Russians is a potential motivation for the development of Russian Orientalism during this period. The research and understanding of Chinese religions, Chinese characters, and literature in the Outline of History of Chinese Literature occupy an important position in the history of sinology in the world. However, the revealed view of China by Wang Xi-li deserves our attention and study.