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据巴特尔公司和《研究与开发杂志》发表的预测,美国1998年的研究开发总投入可能达到2150亿美元,比美国国家科学基金会估计的美国1997年的2057亿美元研究开发总费用增长4.66％。由于这一增长超过了所预计的1998年2.8％的通货膨长率,因此这次研究开发总费用的增长代表着在经过90年代初期几年缓慢甚至负增长之后连续四年的实际美元增长。1998年研发总投入的强劲增长主要是由于工业部门的空前增长投资弥补了政府的平缓研究资助。 由于美国1995、1996、1997年的研发投入分别比前年增长了8.6％、5.6％和6.5％,加上今年所预测的持续增长,因此有理由可以相信,这一持续增长的研发投入势头将会保持列进入21世纪。1998年的主要预测包括; ·工业部门的研发投入将增长6.7％,达到1430亿美
According to the forecasts published by Butler and the Journal of Research and Development, the total research and development investment in the United States in 1998 may reach 215 billion U.S. dollars, up 4.66% over the total estimated research and development costs of 207.5 billion U.S. dollars in the United States in 1997 as estimated by the U.S. National Science Foundation . As this increase exceeded the projected rate of inflation of 2.8% in 1998, the increase in total research and development costs represents the real dollar increase for four consecutive years after a slow, or even negative, growth in the early 1990s. The strong growth of total R & D investment in 1998 was mainly due to the government’s flat research funding as a result of the unprecedented growth in the industrial sector. As the US R & D investment in 1995, 1996 and 1997 respectively increased by 8.6%, 5.6% and 6.5% over the previous year, together with the sustained growth forecast this year, it is reasonable to believe that the ever-increasing investment in R & D will continue Keep the column into the 21st century. Key projections for 1998 include: • Research and development investment in the industrial sector will increase 6.7% to reach 143 billion U.S. dollars