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所谓“宏观学习法”,就是在学习中从全局着眼,根据事物发展的整个过程把握其本质规律和内在联系的方法。唐代文学家韩愈在《进学解》一文中也提出:“记事者必提其要,纂言者必钩其玄。”这里所说的“要”即指“要领”、“纲要”,“提其要”就是要把知识的精要提纲挈领地抓起来;“玄”即指“奥妙”、“意旨”、“钩其玄”就是把概念与概念、概念与原理、原理与原理之间深邃、微妙的联系揭示出来。韩愈的话实质就是告诉人们:在批阅各种著作时,都只有从宏观出发,了解知识的全部结构和内在联系,才能使相关的知识融会贯通,从而给予科学的把握。
The so-called “macro-learning method” is to focus on the overall situation in learning, and grasp the essential laws and methods of internal relations according to the whole process of the development of things. Han Yu, a writer from the Tang Dynasty, also put forward in his article “Journey to the School”: “The narrators must mention their wishes, and the swearing-off activists must hook their occult.” The “requirements” mentioned here refer to “essentials” and “outline”. “To mention it” means to grasp the essentials of knowledge; “Xuan” refers to “subtleties,” “intentions,” and “hidden to the mystery.” It is between concepts and concepts, concepts and principles, principles, and principles. Deep, subtle connections are revealed. The essence of Han Yu’s words is to tell the people: When reviewing various works, they can only learn from the macro and understand the entire structure and internal links of knowledge, so that the relevant knowledge can be integrated and the science can be grasped.