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目的了解新疆喀什疏附县艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者/艾滋病(AIDS)病人(简称HIV/AIDS病人)及其亲属心理健康状况及影响因素,为制定心理干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对疏附县103例HIV/AIDS病人及其61名亲属进行心理评定,按量表因子分进行分析比较。结果该地区HIV/AIDS病人心理健康水平明显比国内健康人群差,各项因子评分均显著高于全国常模(P<0.001)。HIV/AIDS病人中,48例检出有强迫、抑郁、精神病症状等心理问题,心理问题检出率达46.60%,其中:28例表现为轻度症状,占58.33%;16例有中度症状,占33.33%;4人存在重度心理障碍,占8.33%。61名患者亲属中,13人检出存在人际关系敏感或敌对症状等心理障碍,心理问题检出率为21.31%。进一步多元线性回归分析表明,年龄、性别、文化程度和亲属感染状态,是影响HIV/AIDS病人因子分值的主要影响因素。结论边疆少数民族地区HIV/AIDS病人及其亲属存在比较严重的心理问题,在艾滋病综合干预中,应予以积极关注,并加强治疗干预。
Objective To understand the mental health status and its influencing factors of HIV / AIDS patients (referred to as HIV / AIDS patients) and their relatives in Shuzhu County, Kashgar in Xinjiang for providing scientific basis for making psychological interventions. Methods A total of 103 HIV / AIDS patients and their relatives from 61 relatives in Suli County were assessed by SCL-90 and analyzed by scale factor analysis. Results The mental health of HIV / AIDS patients in this area was significantly lower than that of healthy people in China. The score of each factor was significantly higher than that of the national norm (P <0.001). Among the HIV / AIDS patients, 48 cases were found to have psychological problems such as compulsion, depression and psychotic symptoms. The detection rate of psychological problems was 46.60%, of which 28 cases showed mild symptoms (58.33%), and 16 cases had moderate symptoms , Accounting for 33.33%; 4 people had severe mental disorders, accounting for 8.33%. Among 61 relatives of the patients, 13 were detected with interpersonal sensitivity or hostile symptoms and other psychological disorders, the detection rate of psychological problems was 21.31%. Further multivariate linear regression analysis showed that age, gender, educational level and relatives status were the main influencing factors of HIV / AIDS patients. Conclusion There are serious psychological problems in HIV / AIDS patients and their relatives in ethnic minority areas of border areas. In AIDS comprehensive intervention, we should pay close attention to them and strengthen the therapeutic intervention.