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通过对秦岭中段南坡不同海拔梯度油松和锐齿栎天然林生物量、热值、灰分含量和含碳率分析,揭示不同海拔油松和锐齿栎林生物量和能量的分配规律。结果表明:油松和锐齿栎林生物量及能量现存量均随海拔升高呈先升后降的趋势,油松和锐齿栎林总生物量分别在海拔1500~1600和1400~1500 m最高,分别达263.94和278.71 t·hm~(-2),总能量现存量则均在海拔1400~1500 m最高,分别达5715.38和5756.13 GJ·hm~(-2)。在相同海拔梯度,油松热值和含碳率均高于锐齿栎,灰分含量则相反。油松各器官热值和平均热值随海拔升高而增大,锐齿栎皮热值和平均热值则随着海拔的升高而减小。油松和锐齿栎平均含碳率都随着海拔的升高而升高,灰分含量未随海拔的变化表现出规律性。不同海拔油松热值、灰分含量和含碳率分别为20.39~21.47 kJ·g~(-1)、2.81%~3.54%和46.20%~50.50%,锐齿栎热值、灰分含量和含碳率分别为19.69~20.18 kJ·g~(-1)、6.15%~7.77%和42.06%~44.15%。不同海拔油松热值和含碳率差异显著,灰分含量差异不显著;锐齿栎灰分含量和含碳率差异显著,热值差异不显著。可以认为,中海拔的微生境更适宜油松和锐齿栎的生长,群落对环境更为适应。
Through the analysis of the biomass, caloric value, ash content and carbon content of Pinus tabulaeformis and Quercus serrata at the different altitudes on the southern slope in the middle section of the Qinling Mountains, the biomass and energy distribution patterns of Pinus tabulaeformis and Quercus aliena var.mongolica at different altitudes were revealed. The results showed that the biomass and energy of Pinus tabulaeformis and Quercus acutissima forests both increased firstly and then decreased with the altitude increasing. The total biomass of Pinus tabulaeformis and Quercus aliena var.mongolica forests was the highest at 1500-1600 and 1400-1500 m respectively, Respectively, reaching 263.94 and 278.71 t · hm -2, respectively. The total available energy was the highest at altitudes of 1400-1500 m, reaching 5715.38 and 5756.13 GJ · hm -2, respectively. At the same altitude gradient, the calorific value and carbon content of Pinus tabulaeformis were higher than those of Quercus aliena, but the content of ash was the opposite. The calorific value and average calorific value of various organs of Pinus tabulaeformis increased with altitude, and the calorific value and average calorific value of the oak skin decreased with the altitude increasing. The average carbon content of Pinus tabulaeformis and Quercus acutissima all increased with the elevation, and the ash content did not show the regularity with the change of altitude. The calorific value, ash content and carbon content of Pinus tabulaeformis at different altitudes ranged from 20.39 to 21.47 kJ · g -1, from 2.81% to 3.54% and from 46.20% to 50.50%, respectively. The calorific value, ash content and carbon content Rates ranged from 19.69 to 20.18 kJ · g -1, 6.15% -7.77% and 42.06% -44.15%, respectively. The difference of calorific value and carbon content of Pinus tabulaeformis at different altitudes was significant, and the difference of ash content was insignificant. The content of ash and carbon of Quercus variabilis differed significantly, but the difference of calorific value was not significant. It can be considered that the mid-altitude micro-habitat is more suitable for the growth of Pinus tabulaeformis and Quercus serrata, and the community is more suitable for the environment.