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一、从纵向看(一)追溯源头——山水诗的兴起及原因“我们称某一首诗为山水诗,是因为山水解脱其衬托的次要的作用而成为诗中美学的主位对象,本样自存。”[1]叶维廉指出,山水在诗中由衬托的地位腾升为主位的美感观照对象,这一变化在晋宋间完成。魏晋至宋间文化急剧的变化,一是文士对汉儒僵死的名教的反抗;二是道家的中兴和清谈之风兴起,当时士子为追求与自然合一的隐逸与游仙;三是佛教透过了道家哲学诠释的盛行和宋时盛传佛影在山石上显现的故事。这些变化或直接或间接引发了山水意识的兴起。
First, from a longitudinal perspective (a) trace from the source - the rise of landscape poetry and reasons “we call a poem as landscape poetry, because of the relief of its secondary role as the theme of poetry aesthetics , This kind of self-preservation. ”[1] Ye Weilian pointed out that landscape in the poem by the off-set status as the main beauty of the object of observation, the change was completed between Jin and Song Dynasties. The rapid cultural change from Wei and Jin Dynasties to Song Dynasty was the rebellion of the scribes against the rigid name of Confucianism in Confucianism. The second was the rise of Taoism in the resurgence and talk of the Qing Dynasty. At that time, It is a story of Buddhism that has emerged through the prevalence of Taoist philosophical hermeneutics and the Buddhist statues of Song Dynasty that appeared on rocks. These changes or directly or indirectly triggered the rise of landscape awareness.