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目的:采用科学客观的方法,编制《青少年错畸形认知调查问卷》,为深入探讨青少年错畸形的认知状况奠定基础。方法:从天津实验中学中采取整群抽取120名学生进行问卷调查,并随机抽取45名同学在4周后重新填写问卷。对问卷的一致性采用Cronbach’sα系数进行检验;Spearman相关分析考察问卷的重测信度;Spearman相关分析和因子分析考察问卷的内容效度和结构效度。结果:正式调查问卷包括5个维度:错畸形自我感知、错畸形特征、错畸形形成相关因素、错畸形不良影响以及正畸治疗,共33个调查项目。错畸形形成相关因素维度Cronbach’sα系数检验为0.56,其余维度α系数均大于0.7;重测信度系数大于0.8,各条目与所属维度的相关系数均在0.16以上;因子分析提取出9个公因子,累积贡献率为62.327%。结论:该研究编制的《青少年错畸形认知调查问卷》有较好信效度,基本满足心理测量学角度评估要求。
OBJECTIVE: To establish a questionnaire on cognition of malocclusion of adolescents by scientific and objective methods, and lay a foundation for further study on cognitive status of adolescent malocclusions. Methods: A total of 120 students from Tianjin Experimental Middle School were enrolled in the questionnaire survey. 45 students were randomly selected to re-fill the questionnaire after 4 weeks. The consistency of the questionnaire was tested by Cronbach’sα coefficient; Spearman correlation analysis was used to test the test-retest reliability; Spearman correlation analysis and factor analysis were used to examine the content validity and structural validity of the questionnaire. Results: The formal questionnaire consisted of 5 dimensions: self-perception of malocclusion, malocclusion characteristics, correlative factors of malformations, adverse effects of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment. A total of 33 survey items were included. The Cronbach’s α coefficient was 0.56 for the factors related to the formation of malformations, and the other coefficients were all greater than 0.7. The retest reliability coefficient was greater than 0.8, and the correlation coefficients between each item and their respective dimensions were above 0.16. Nine factors Factor, the cumulative contribution rate of 62.327%. Conclusion: The “Questionnaire on Misconceptions in Children and Adolescents” prepared by this study has good reliability and validity and basically meets the requirements of psychometric survey.