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儿童死亡率尤其是婴幼儿死亡率是衡量一个国家或地区人群健康状况的敏感指标，它与该国家或地区的经济、文化水平、卫生条件密切相关“’。我国以往对儿童死亡的研究局限于死因分析和影响婴儿死亡的生物学因素，而对影响儿童死亡，尤其是农村婴儿死C的社会文化因素的研究不多。
Child mortality, especially infant and child mortality, is a sensitive indicator of the health status of a country or region, which is closely related to the economic, cultural and health conditions of a country or region. "The past research on child mortality in China was limited to The analysis of causes of death and the biological factors that affect infant mortality are few studies on the socio-cultural factors that affect child deaths, especially those in rural areas.