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行政区划调整是政府调整空间资源配置的有力工具,而政府主导的城市空间调整能否带来人口的集聚以及经济绩效的提升,有待实证检验。本文基于全国第五次、第六次人口普查和地级市数据,利用2000~2005年发生的区界重组实验回答了这一问题。采用倾向得分匹配法解决选择性偏误问题后发现:区县重组改革显著提高了重组城市市辖区城镇常住人数,也显著提高了重组城市的经济绩效。本文还进一步探讨了区界重组绩效提升的实现机制,指出重组后的区域市场融合和城市集聚经济有助于提升重组城市的效率与就业。
The adjustment of administrative divisions is a powerful tool for the government to adjust the allocation of space resources. Whether the government-led adjustment of urban space can bring about population agglomeration and enhance economic performance remains to be tested empirically. Based on the data of the fifth and sixth censuses and prefecture-level cities nationwide, this paper answers the question by using the regional reorganization experiment that occurred from 2000 to 2005. The use of propensity score matching method to solve the problem of selective bias found that the reform of district and county reorganization significantly increased the number of permanent residents in urban areas of reorganized cities and significantly improved the economic performance of reorganized cities. This article further explores the mechanism of the performance improvement of the reorganization in the district boundaries and points out that the reorganized regional market integration and the urban agglomeration economy will help to enhance the efficiency and employment of the restructured cities.