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肝外胆道癌包括肝外胆管癌、胆囊癌和壶腹癌,简称为胆道癌。胆道癌是一类少见的恶性肿瘤,但近年来,发病率呈上升趋势,在世界范围内,其发病率为1/10万~10/10万[1-3],其中以肝门部胆道癌最为常见,约占60%~70%。由于缺乏早期诊断的方法和切实有效的治疗手段,胆道癌死亡率极高,绝大多数患者在发现肿瘤的1年之内死亡,5年生存率仅为10%~20%[4]。胆道癌是一种多致病因素引起的疾病,国内外现有的研
Extrahepatic biliary tract cancer includes extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, gallbladder cancer and ampulla, referred to as biliary tract cancer. Biliary tract cancer is a rare malignant tumor, but in recent years, the incidence rate is on the rise. In the world, the incidence rate is 1/100 to 10/10 million [1-3], of which the hilar biliary tract The most common cancer, accounting for about 60% to 70%. Due to the lack of early diagnosis and effective treatment, the mortality rate of biliary cancer is extremely high. Most patients die within 1 year of finding the tumor, and the 5-year survival rate is only 10% -20% [4]. Biliary tract cancer is a disease caused by multiple pathogenic factors, existing research at home and abroad