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目的为了解杭州市拱墅区5岁以下儿童死亡特征及死因变化,为制定合理、有效的干预措施提供科学依据。方法对拱墅区2009~2013年5岁以下儿童死亡监测结果进行统计分析。结果新生儿、婴儿、5岁以下儿童死亡率分别为3.05/‰、5.09/‰、5.90/‰。其中新生儿死亡占婴儿死亡的60%,婴儿死亡占5岁以下儿童死亡的86.21%。流动儿童三个年龄段的死亡率均高于本地儿童,且流动儿童中,男童的死亡率高于女童。先天异常已成为婴儿和5岁以下儿童的最主要死因,早产是新生儿的最主要死因。结论拱墅区5岁以下儿童死亡率已达发达国家水平。做好出生缺陷及早产的预防,加强流动儿童,特别是流动儿童中男童的管理是今后工作的重点。
Objective To understand the characteristics of death and causes of death in children under 5 years of age in Gongshu District of Hangzhou City and provide a scientific basis for formulating reasonable and effective intervention measures. Methods A statistical analysis was made on the monitoring results of deaths among children under 5 years old in Gongshu District from 2009 to 2013. Results The death rates of newborns, infants and children under 5 were 3.05 / ‰, 5.09 / ‰ and 5.90 / ‰, respectively. Among them, neonatal deaths accounted for 60% of infant deaths and infant deaths accounted for 86.21% of those under 5 years of age. The mortality rate of migrant children in all three age groups is higher than that of local children, and among migrant children, the death rate of boys is higher than that of girls. Congenital anomalies have become the leading cause of death among infants and children under 5, and preterm birth is the leading cause of death in newborns. Conclusions The mortality rate of children under 5 in Gongshu District has reached the level of developed countries. Good birth defects and premature birth prevention, strengthening the management of migrant children, especially those of migrant children is the focus of future work.