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“生物利用率”是指通过特定的给药途径后到达血液循环中未改变的那部分药物。当服药物后,“生物利用率”由药物的某些因素所决定,即药物的分子性质、稳定性和服药的形式。病人方面的因素有:由于腹腔疾病或肠切除所致的肠腔表面面积减少;药物是否与饭同时服用。此外,药物可以在肠道、肝脏、或不常见的在肺脏进行“体循环前”的代谢。这种在肝脏“首次通过”的代谢对限制许多心血管药的生物利用率非常重要,这些药物包括几种脂溶性β肾上腺能受体拮抗剂,如心得舒、柳胺苄心定(Labetalol)、美多心安及心得安(可能还有心得平),还有搞心律失常药利多卡因及异搏定;
“Bioavailability” refers to the portion of the drug that has not changed in the blood circulation after it has passed a particular route of administration. When taking a drug, “bioavailability” is determined by certain factors in the drug, ie, the molecular nature of the drug, its stability, and its form of administration. The patient’s factors are: due to celiac disease or intestinal resection due to the reduction of intestinal lumen surface area; whether the medicine is taken with rice at the same time. In addition, drugs can be metabolized in the gut, liver, or infrequently “before the systemic circulation” in the lungs. This “first-pass” metabolism in the liver is important for limiting the bioavailability of many cardiovascular drugs, including several lipid-soluble beta-adrenoceptor antagonists such as, for example, sevoflurane, Labetalol, , The United States and more peace of mind and peace of mind (and possibly peace of mind), as well as arrhythmic drugs lidocaine and verapamil;