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第一汽车制造厂是第一个五年计划期间建设起来的。自1953年起,经过第一代创业者们三年的艰苦奋斗,终于生产出了第一辆解放牌载重汽车,结束了中国不能生产汽车的历史,完成了中国汽车工业从无到有的巨变,而且在国内居于领先地位,与国际水平相比也是不低的。但是,长期以来,由于旧的经济体制的束缚,一汽只能按照国家下达的指令性计划完成生产任务,产品统购包销,资金统收统支,没有自我发展的能力。因此,出现了产品老化、工厂老化、设备老化,产品“三十年一贯制”的悲剧。在改革开放前的二十多里,国家返给企业的只有2.35亿元。一汽用这有限的资金,建成了越野车和红旗轿车阵地;使中型车产量增加两倍,但再也没有能力对工厂进行技术改造。尽管一汽曾先后搞出过38种发动机、75个车型的设计,提出过12个产品换型方
The first car manufacturer was built during the first five-year plan. Since 1953, after three years of hard work by the first generation of entrepreneurs, it has finally produced the first liberated truck, ending the history of China’s inability to produce automobiles and completing the great changes in the Chinese auto industry from scratch. , And it is in the leading position in the country, compared with the international level is not low. However, for a long time, due to the shackles of the old economic system, FAW can only complete its production tasks according to the mandatory plan issued by the state, purchase and sell products under unified control, receive funds and receive expenditure, and have no self-development ability. As a result, product aging, factory aging, and equipment aging have occurred, and the product has been “traversed for 30 years”. In the more than 20 years before the reform and opening up, only 235 million yuan was returned to the company by the state. FAW has built off-road vehicles and red flag sedan positions with this limited amount of funds; it has doubled the output of medium-sized vehicles, but it has no longer been able to carry out technological transformation of its factories. Although FAW once came up with 38 kinds of engines and 75 models, it proposed 12 product replacements.