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信息加工理论的代表人物阿特金森(Atkinson)和希弗林(Shiffrin)认为:记忆信息要经过感觉记忆、短时记忆和长时记忆三个阶段.感觉记忆由外部视觉刺激、听觉刺激、触觉刺激引起,保存的时间一般在1秒左右;短时记忆,亦称工作记忆,用于加工感觉记忆中被注意到的信息,一般可持续20秒左右;要使短时记忆保持长久一些,就要对已知信息进行排练,包括简单的重复和复杂的联想,也就是所谓的编码,经过
Atkinson and Shiffrin, the representatives of the theory of information processing, think that memory information goes through three stages: sensory memory, short-term memory and long-term memory.The sensory memory is composed of external visual stimulation, auditory stimulation and tactile stimulation Caused by the preservation of the time is generally about 1 second; short-term memory, also known as working memory, used to process the sensory memory is noticed in the information, generally sustainable 20 seconds; to make short-term memory to maintain a long time, it is necessary Rehearsal of known information, including simple repetitions and complex associations, also known as coding,