论文部分内容阅读
埃博拉病毒疫情自1976年在苏丹南部和旧扎伊尔的埃博拉河地区初次爆发,三年后在苏丹同一地区小规模复发一次后则沉寂了15年。1994年在加蓬地区再次突然复苏,至今在非洲多国已反复爆发15次,造成了4362人感染,2659人死亡。2014年,西非几内亚、利比里亚、尼日利亚和塞拉利昂爆发了历史上最严重和情况最复杂的疫情,局面失控。埃博拉病毒流行无明显的季节性,人群普遍易感且无性别差异,其天然宿主仍不确定。近四十年,疫情在一个地区消散后不知何时会在另一个地区突然暴发,被形容为像光的波粒二象性一般难以理解。由于埃博拉病毒对人体多器官普遍攻击而防范困难,加之开发病毒防治药物项目资金匮乏,人类至今没有找到能有效对抗埃博拉疫情的预防及治疗措施。
The Ebola virus outbreak first erupted in southern Sudan in 1976 and the Ebola River in the old Zaire, three years later after a small relapse in the same area of the Sudan but for 15 years. Sudden resurgence once again took place in Gabon in 1994 and so far it has repeatedly erupted 15 times in many countries in Africa, resulting in 4,362 infections and 2,659 deaths. In 2014, outbreaks of the worst and most complex outbreaks in history were recorded in West Africa, Liberia, Nigeria and Sierra Leone. The prevalence of Ebola virus is not significantly seasonal, the general population susceptible and no gender differences, the natural host remains uncertain. In the past 40 years, when the epidemic dissipated in a region, I suddenly did not know when it would suddenly explode in another region. It is generally difficult to understand the wave-particle duality that has been described as light. Ebola virus has been widely used in the prevention of Ebola outbreaks due to the widespread attack on human organs and the lack of funds for developing anti-virus drugs. So far, no preventive and curative measures have been found to effectively combat the Ebola epidemic.