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目的探索提高高血压病患者治疗率和控制率的有效方法,为社区卫生人员有针对性地开展预防保健工作及健康教育提供参考。方法采用入户指导结合问卷调查等方法收集资料,利用EPIINFO软件录入数据并建立数据库,采用SPSS13.0软件包进行统计分析。结果干预前、发放健康教育资料和入户指导后,除规律运动在三者间无显著性差异外,其余各指标均有显著性差异;入户指导与发放健康教育资料后的效果比较,也只有规律运动无显著性差异(P=0.080),其余全部具有显著性差异,入户指导后高血压病治疗率达到了81.8%(P=0.001),控制率达到了56.8%(P=0.008)、健康危险因素知识合格率达到了81.8%(P=0.000)、高血压危害知晓率达到了95.4%(P=0.000)、对高血压病的诊断标准知晓率达到了100%(P=0.000)、清淡饮食形成率达到81.8%(P=0.001);收缩压均值(P=0.011)、舒张压均值(P=0.012)和体重均值(P=0.009)均与发放健康教育资料后有显著性差异。结论入户对高血压患者进行有针对性的行为生活方式指导,可有效提高高血压病的治疗率和控制率,其效果优于发放健康教育资料,可广泛推广应用。
Objective To explore effective ways to improve the treatment rate and control rate of patients with hypertension, and to provide a reference for community health workers to carry out targeted preventive health care and health education. Methods Data were collected by household guidance and questionnaire survey. The data were imported by EPIINFO software and the database was established. SPSS13.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. Results Before the intervention, after distributing health education materials and guiding home, there were significant differences among the three indexes except for the regular exercise, and the results of home instruction and health education materials were also compared Only the regular exercise showed no significant difference (P = 0.080), the rest all had significant difference. After the home instruction, the treatment rate of hypertension reached 81.8% (P = 0.001) and the control rate reached 56.8% (P = 0.008) , The knowledgeable rate of health risk factors reached 81.8% (P = 0.000), the awareness of hypertension risk reached 95.4% (P = 0.000), and the awareness rate of diagnosis of hypertension reached 100% (P = 0.000) (P = 0.001). The average systolic blood pressure (P = 0.011), diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.012) and body weight mean (P = 0.009) were significantly different from those of health education . Conclusion Home-oriented hypertensive patients with targeted behavioral lifestyle guidance can effectively improve the treatment rate and control rate of hypertension, the effect is better than the distribution of health education materials, can be widely promoted.