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目的:探讨城镇老年人居家养老的照顾需求。方法:利用自编的调查问卷对衡阳市区463位老年人的健康状况及居家养老的照顾需求进行调查。结果:89.0%的老人倾向居家养老方式,76%的老人选择靠近子女居住;100%的城镇老人认为有必要为居家养老提供各种照顾服务。94.0%的老人认为居家养老需要护理技术服务,85.5%的老人认为需要健康教育与指导,68.7%的老人认为需要基础护理,42.5%老人认为需要居家康复照顾。不同性别、年龄、自理能力老人对“护理技术服务”需求差异均无统计学意义,对“健康教育与指导”、“基础护理”、“康复照顾”需求差异均有统计学意义。结论:居家养老仍然是我国城镇居民主要的养老方式,政府和有关部门需根据不同老人的居家养老照顾服务需求内容提供服务。
Objective: To explore the elderly care needs of elderly home in urban areas. Methods: The self-compiled questionnaire was used to investigate the health status of 463 elderly people and the care needs of home-based care in Hengyang urban area. Results: 89.0% of the elders tended to stay home, 76% chose to live near their children, and 100% of urban elders thought it necessary to provide various kinds of care services for homeowners. 94.0% of the elders think that home care requires technical nursing services, 85.5% of elders think they need health education and guidance, 68.7% of the elders think they need basic nursing care, and 42.5% of elders think they need home rehabilitation care. There was no significant difference in the demand of “nursing technical service” between elders with different sex, age and self-care ability, and there was not significant difference in the demand for “health education and guidance”, “basic nursing” and “rehabilitation care” There is statistical significance. Conclusion: Home-based care is still the main form of end-of-life care for urban residents in China. The government and relevant departments should provide services according to the needs of elderly care services at home.