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自从达尔文的“物种起源”揭示了生物物种的进化规律和马克思恩格斯的“唯物史观”揭示出人类社会的发展规律之后,“创世说”和“上帝造人”便被逐出了科学界,人们学会了运用理性的眼光来反身自顾:人何以为人?人的本质又是什么?如果说,人是由类人猿通过劳动进化而来的,这已几乎成为人们的常识。然而,越是常识的东西往往越是缺乏对它的深刻认识。如果对“劳动创造人”的理解中忽视了文化的作用,那就不能正确认识人的本质及其发展。自从叔本华、尼采、弗洛伊德等提出一种“非理性”、“无意识”的反文化的观点之后,西方在六七十年代的一些年轻人便把这一“非理性主义”付诸行动。于是,一股反理
Since Darwin’s “Origin of Species” reveals the laws of evolution of biological species and Marx and Engels’s “Historical Materialism” reveals the laws governing the development of human society, “Creationism” and “Creation of God” were expelled from the scientific community , People learn to take a rational look and reflexively to take good care of themselves: what is human nature? What is human nature? If people are evolved through the labor of apes, it has become almost common sense. However, the more common sense often more often lack a deep understanding of it. If we neglect the role of culture in our understanding of “labor creators,” we can not correctly understand the nature of man and its development. Since Schopenhauer, Nietzsche and Freud put forward an “irrational” and “unconscious” anti-cultural view, some young people in the 1960s and 1970s put this “irrationalism” Actions. So, an anti-rational