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目的探讨高湿热环境下大鼠的耐热极限时间和下丘脑内谷氨酸(Glu)和N-甲基-D-天门冬氨酸(NMDA)受体2(NMDAR2)的表达及其意义。方法将大鼠置于仿真气候舱[干球温度(40.0±0.5)℃,相对湿度(60±5)%]内,观察动物的行为反应,动物出现昏迷或抽搐则立即取出动物,常规固定、取脑制片,用免疫组织化学方法显示Glu、NMDAR2和加压素(VP)在下丘脑的室旁核(PVN)和视上核(SON)的表达。结果动物在高湿热环境下表现躁动不安、呼吸加快、前爪抓挠面部,持续120 min左右时部分动物死亡。切片观察湿热刺激组的下丘脑PVN和SON中Glu、NMDAR2以及VP表达比对照组明显上调(P<0.01)。结论高湿热环境下大鼠的耐热极限时间约是120 min。下丘脑内的谷氨酸代谢参与机体对高湿热刺激的反应及其调节过程。
Objective To investigate the hyperthermia limit time and the expression of glutamate (Glu) and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor 2 (NMDAR2) in rat under high humidity and heat conditions. Methods The rats were placed in the simulated climate chamber [dry bulb temperature (40.0 ± 0.5) ℃, relative humidity (60 ± 5)%], the animals were observed behavioral response, animals were comatose or convulsions were immediately removed animals, routine fixation, Brain slices were taken and the expression of Glu, NMDAR2 and vasopressin (VP) in paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and supraoptic nucleus (SON) of the hypothalamus was revealed by immunohistochemistry. Results The animals showed restlessness in high humidity and heat environment, and the respiration was accelerated. The forepaws scratched the face and died for some 120 minutes. The expression of Glu, NMDAR2 and VP in PVN and SON of hypothalamus in the moist heat stimulation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P <0.01). Conclusion The heat-resistant limit of rats in high-humidity and heat environment is about 120 min. Glutamate metabolism in the hypothalamus is involved in the body’s response to high moist heat stimulation and its regulation process.