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1 前言 土基压实度是公路、铁路、机场、土坝堤防等土木建筑工程中鉴定施工质量的一个重要参量,因而压实度的检测与控制是确保上述土建工程施工质量的一个重要环节。土基压实度是由其湿密度和含水量决定的,为此必须解决温密度和含水量的检测手段。应用核子方法进行湿密度与含水量的测量与传统的常用方法比较,具有测量快速、精确、稳定、可靠、操作简单、对土基无破损等优点。在公路建设和其它土建工程中具有较高的实用价值。 国外在50年代末到60年代初就开始了利用核子方法测量土壤密度与含水量的研究工作,但是真正形成产品应用到公路建设上来,还是70年代的事。美国、法国、西德、日本、苏联等国都进行了大量的研究与应用工作。然而无论在研究、生产和应用这种仪器方面,美国的水平基本上代表了当前的世界水平。目前美国有三家公司在从事这种仪
1 Introduction Soil compaction is an important parameter in the identification of construction quality in civil engineering projects such as roads, railways, airports and earth dam embankments. Therefore, the detection and control of compaction degree is an important link to ensure the quality of civil engineering construction. Soil compaction is determined by its wet density and water content, for which must solve the temperature density and moisture content of the detection means. The application of the nuclear method for the measurement of wet density and water content compared with the conventional methods has the advantages of rapid, accurate, stable, reliable and simple operation without any damage to the soil foundation. In highway construction and other civil engineering has a high practical value. In the late 1950s and early 1960s, foreign countries started to study the use of nuclear methods to measure soil density and water content. However, it was still the 1970s when the real products were applied to highway construction. The United States, France, West Germany, Japan, the Soviet Union and other countries have carried out a large number of research and application work. However, in terms of research, production and application of such instruments, the level of the United States basically represents the current world level. Currently there are three companies in the United States engaged in this instrument