论文部分内容阅读
目的了解2省未成年犯管教所学员艾滋病知识、态度和行为情况,为制定有针对性的培训和干预策略以及效果评估提供依据。方法采用横断面研究设计,于2008-11对在2省未成年犯管教所服刑的1 243名16 20岁学员艾滋病知识、态度和行为进行匿名自填问卷调查。结果1 243名调查对象中,68.0%有过性行为,首次性行为平均年龄为14.9±1.4岁;有过性行为者中,63.2%有过2个或2个以上性伴,83.3%报告首次性行为时未使用安全套,86.4%报告最近1次性行为时未使用安全套;报告入所前1年内发生过性行为的626名调查对象中,坚持使用安全套者仅占3.5%,从未使用者占55.6%。139名调查对象有吸毒史,其中36.0%有注射毒品史;有注射毒品史者中,44.7%在入所前1年内曾与别人共用注射器,18.8%最近1次注射吸毒时共用注射器。艾滋病知识得分平均5.68±1.73分,UNGASS指标涉及各项艾滋病知识全部正确回答者所占比例为16.7%。性行为和安全套使用相关认知态度正确或积极者所占比例均低于60%,对HIV感染者持正确态度者少于50%。吸毒行为相关认知态度正确或积极者所占比例较高,且多数调查对象具备积极的预防疾病态度和参加防艾宣传意向。结论2省未成年犯管教所应通过开展艾滋病生活技能培训和干预提高学员艾滋病知识和生活技能,培养学员正确的认知态度,以减少危险行为的发生。
Objective To understand the knowledge, attitude and behavior of HIV / AIDS students in juvenile delinquents in two provinces and to provide evidences for formulating targeted training and intervention strategies and evaluating their effects. Methods A cross-sectional study design was used to conduct anonymous self-completed questionnaires on AIDS knowledge, attitudes and behaviors among 1,243 students aged 16 and 20 who were serving sentences in juvenile delinquents in two provinces in 2008-11. Results Of the 1 243 subjects, 68.0% had sexual intercourse and the mean age of first-time sexual intercourse was 14.9 ± 1.4 years. 63.2% of those who had sexual intercourse had 2 or more sexual partners and 83.3% reported the first sexual intercourse Condom was not used during sex, while condom was not used when 86.4% of the respondents reported recent sexual intercourse. Only about 3.5% of the 626 respondents who reported having used condoms during the 1-year reporting period had never experienced sexual activity 55.6%. Of the 139 respondents, there was a history of drug abuse, of which 36.0% had a history of drug injections; 44.7% of those who had drug-injections had shared syringes with others within the first year of admission and 18.8% shared injectors during the last drug injections. AIDS knowledge score average 5.68 ± 1.73 points, the UNGASS indicators involved all AIDS correct respondents accounted for 16.7%. Less than 60% of people with the correct or active attitude toward using sex and condom use, and less than 50% having the correct attitude toward HIV infection. Awareness of drug abuse behavior associated with the correct attitude or a higher proportion, and most respondents with a positive attitude toward disease prevention and prevention of AIDS to participate in publicity. Conclusions The juvenile delinquency teaching centers in 2 provinces should improve AIDS awareness and life skills of AIDS students through training and intervention of HIV / AIDS life skills, so as to cultivate students’ correct cognitive attitude and reduce the occurrence of dangerous behaviors.