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随着2015年我国新颁布的《食品安全法》“社会共治”原则的提出,我国食品安全开始从政府管制型模式转为政府治理型模式。食品安全“社会共治”已然成为国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的必然要求。风险交流是食品安全社会共治的重要手段和形式。建立食品安全长效监管机制,不仅有赖于食品安全监管体制的完善,发挥公权机关的应有作用,同时也必须发挥社会各方面力量。真正落实食品安全社会共治的举措应该是建立食品安全利益相关者参与的食品安全风险交流制度。但是,我国食品安全风险交流还存在诸多制度和机制上的障碍,既有政府信息公开的基础性法律障碍,也有监管体制上的障碍,还有交流机制的缺乏,相关学科研究和支撑亦不足,能够从事风险交流的专业人才队伍匮乏,等等。这些问题的存在,阻碍了风险交流的改善与提高,针对上述问题,本文从制度、政策和机制上提出了相关建议。
With the newly enacted “food safety law” and “social common rule” promulgated in 2015 in our country, China’s food safety has begun to shift from a government-controlled model to a government-governed model. Food safety “social co-governance” has become an inevitable requirement for the modernization of the country’s governance system and governance capacity. Risk communication is an important means and form of co-governance of food safety society. The establishment of a long-term regulatory mechanism for food safety depends not only on the improvement of the food safety regulatory system but also on the due role of the public authority, and it must at the same time give full scope to all aspects of society. The actual implementation of food safety and social co-governance initiatives should be the establishment of food safety stakeholders involved in food safety risk communication system. However, there are still many institutional and institutional barriers to the exchange of food safety risks in our country. These include not only the basic legal barriers to public disclosure of government information but also the obstacles to the regulatory system as well as the lack of mechanisms for communication and the lack of relevant research and support. There is a shortage of professionals who can engage in risk communication, and so on. The existence of these problems hinder the improvement and improvement of risk communication. In view of the above problems, this paper puts forward some suggestions from the aspects of system, policy and mechanism.